Official sources
- DGT online portal (sede electrónica): documents needed to register a VMP and the €8.67 fee (in Spanish).
- Royal Decree 52/2026 (BOE, 30/01/2026): compulsory registration and the rules for non-certified scooters (in Spanish).
- VMP Characteristics Manual (BOE): certification of models and sales since 22/01/2024 (in Spanish).